Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The principal source of revenues from franchising hotels is ongoing royalty fees, which are typically a percentage of gross room revenues of each franchised hotel. The Company recognizes royalty fee revenues as and when the underlying

sales occur. The Company also receives non-refundable initial franchise fees, which are recognized as revenues over the initial non-cancellable period of the franchise agreement, commencing when all material services or conditions have been substantially performed. This occurs when a hotel opens for business in our system or when a franchise agreement is terminated after it has been determined that the hotel will not open.

The Company’s franchise agreements also require the payment of marketing and reservation fees, which are intended to reimburse the Company for expenses associated with operating an international, centralized reservation system, e-commerce channels such as the Company’s brand.com websites, as well as access to third-party distribution channels, such as online travel agents, advertising and marketing programs, global sales efforts, operations support, training and other related services. Marketing and reservation fees are recognized as revenue when the underlying sales occur. Although the Company is generally contractually obligated to spend the marketing and reservation fees it collects from franchisees, in accordance with the franchise agreements, marketing and reservations costs are expensed as incurred.

The Company earns revenues from its Wyndham Rewards loyalty program when a member stays at a participating hotel, club resort or vacation rental. These revenues are derived from a fee the Company charges a franchised or managed hotel based upon a percentage of room revenues generated from a Wyndham Rewards member’s stay. These fees are to reimburse the Company for expenses associated with member redemptions and activities that are related to the administering and marketing of the program. Revenues related to the loyalty program represent variable consideration and are recognized net of redemptions over time based upon loyalty point redemption patterns, which include an estimate of loyalty points that will expire or will never be redeemed.

The Company earns revenue from its Wyndham Rewards co-branded credit card program, which is primarily generated by cardholder spending and the enrollment of new cardholders. The advance payments received under the program are recognized as a contract liability. The program primarily contains two performance obligations: (i) brand performance services, for which revenue is recognized over the contract term on a straight-line basis, and (ii) issuance and redemption of loyalty points, for which revenue is recognized over time based upon the redemption patterns of the loyalty points earned under the program, including an estimate of loyalty points that will expire or will never be redeemed.

The Company provides management services for hotels under management contracts, which offer hotel owners all the benefits of a global brand and a full range of management, marketing and reservation services. In addition to the standard franchise services described above, the Company’s hotel management business provides hotel owners with professional oversight and comprehensive operations support services. The Company’s standard management agreement typically has a term of 10 to 20 years. The Company’s management fees are comprised of base fees, which are typically a specified percentage of gross revenues from hotel operations, and, in some cases, incentive fees, which are typically a specified percentage of a hotel’s gross operating profit. The base fees are recognized when the underlying sales occur and the management services are performed. Incentive fees are recognized when determinable, which is when the Company has met hotel operating performance metrics and the Company has determined that a significant reversal of revenues recognized will not occur.

The Company also recognizes reimbursable payroll costs for operational employees and other reimbursable costs at certain of the Company’s managed hotels as revenue. Although these costs are funded by hotel owners, accounting guidance requires the Company to report these fees on a gross basis as both revenues and expenses. Additionally, the Company recognizes occupancy taxes on a net basis.

The Company recognizes license and other revenues from Wyndham Destinations for use of the “Wyndham” trademark and certain other trademarks.

In addition, the Company earns revenues from its two owned hotels, which consist primarily of (i) gross room rentals, (ii) food and beverage services and (iii) on-site spa, casino, golf and shop revenues. These revenues are recognized upon the completion of services.

Deferred revenues

Deferred revenues, or contract liabilities, generally represents payments or consideration received in advance for goods or services that the Company has not yet provided to the customer. Deferred revenues as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows:



	December 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Deferred initial franchise fee revenues	$	136	$	127
Deferred loyalty program revenues	86		74
Deferred co-branded credit card program revenues	34		30
Deferred hotel management fee revenues	—		21
Deferred other revenues	27		21
Total	$	283	$	273

Deferred initial franchise fees represent payments received in advance from prospective franchisees upon the signing of a franchise agreement and are generally recognized to revenue within 12 years. Deferred loyalty revenues represent the portion of loyalty program fees charged to franchisees, net of redemption costs, that have been deferred and will be recognized over time based upon loyalty point redemption patterns. Deferred co-branded credit card program revenue represents payments received in advance from the Company’s co-branded credit card partners, primarily for card member activity, which is typically recognized within one year.

Practical expedients

The Company has not adjusted the consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company satisfied the performance obligation and when the customer paid for that good or service was one year or less.

For contracts with customers that were modified before the beginning of the earliest reporting period presented, the Company did not retrospectively restate the revenue associated with the contract for those modifications. Instead, it reflected the aggregate effect of all prior modifications in determining (i) the performance obligations and transaction prices and (ii) the allocation of such transaction prices to the performance obligations.

Performance obligations

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer. The consideration received from a customer is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, each performance obligation is satisfied. The following table summarizes the Company’s remaining performance obligations for the twelve-month periods set forth below:



	2020		2021		2022		Thereafter		Total
Initial franchise fee revenue	$	29	$	15	$	14	$	78	$	136
Loyalty program revenue	53		21		9		3		86
Co-branded credit card program revenue	34		—		—		—		34
Other revenue	16		3		2		6		27
Total	$	132	$	39	$	25	$	87	$	283

Disaggregation of net revenues

The table below presents a disaggregation of the Company’s net revenues from contracts with customers by major services and products for each of the Company’s segments:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Hotel Franchising
Royalties and franchise fees	$	465	$	432	$	355
Marketing, reservation and loyalty	559		489		369
License and other revenues from former Parent	131		111		75
Other	124		103		98
Total Hotel Franchising	1,279		1,135		897

Hotel Management
Royalties and franchise fees	15		9		9
Marketing, reservation and loyalty	3		2		2
Hotel management - owned properties	89		75		78
Hotel management - managed properties	36		49		30
Cost reimbursements	623		586		264
Other	2		5		—
Total Hotel Management	768		726		383

Corporate and Other	6		7		—

Net revenues	$	2,053	$	1,868	$	1,280

Capitalized contract costs

The Company incurs certain direct and incremental sales commissions costs in order to obtain hotel franchise and management contracts. Such costs are capitalized and subsequently amortized beginning upon hotel opening over the first non-cancellable period of the agreement. In the event an agreement is terminated prior to the end of the first non-cancellable period, any unamortized cost is immediately expensed. In addition, the Company also capitalizes costs associated with the sale and installation of property management systems to the Company's franchisees, which are amortized over the remaining non-cancellable period of the franchise agreement. As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, capitalized contract costs were $33 million and $24 million, respectively, of which $8 million in both years, were included in other current assets, and $25 million and $16 million, respectively, were included in other non-current assets on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.